Thepa e nkehang habonolo e ka lokisoa ka fiberglass e phekolehang ka UV / vinyl ester kapa carbon fiber / epoxy prepreg e bolokiloeng mocheso oa kamore le lisebelisoa tsa ho folisa tse tsamaisoang ke betri. #maiketsetso ka hare #infrastructure
Le hoja ho lokisoa ha carbon fiber / epoxy prepreg e entsoeng ke Custom Technologies LLC bakeng sa borokho ba infield composite ho ipakile ho le bonolo ebile ho potlakile, tšebeliso ea khalase e matlafalitsoeng ea UV e phekolehang vinyl ester resin Prepreg e thehile mokhoa o bonolo haholoanyane. . Mohloli oa setšoantšo: Custom Technologies LLC
Marokho a tsamaisoang ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng ke thepa ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea maqiti a sesole le thepa, hammoho le ho khutlisa lisebelisoa tsa lipalangoang nakong ea likoluoa tsa tlhaho. Ho ntse ho ithutoa meaho e kopaneng ho fokotsa boima ba marokho a joalo, ka hona ho fokotsa moroalo oa likoloi tsa lipalangoang le mekhoa ea ho khutlisa. Ha ho bapisoa le marokho a tšepe, lisebelisoa tse kopantsoeng li boetse li na le monyetla oa ho eketsa matla a ho jara le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba tšebeletso.
The Advanced Modular Composite Bridge (AMCB) ke mohlala. Seemann Composites LLC (Gulfport, Mississippi, US) le Materials Sciences LLC (Horsham, PA, US) li sebelisa carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates (Setšoantšo sa 1). ) Moralo le kaho). Leha ho le joalo, bokhoni ba ho lokisa mehaho e joalo tšimong e 'nile ea e-ba taba e sitisang ho amoheloa ha thepa e kopantsoeng.
Setšoantšo sa 1 Borokho bo kopantsoeng, thepa ea bohlokoa ea infield Advanced Modular Composite Bridge (AMCB) e entsoe le ho hahoa ke Seemann Composites LLC le Materials Sciences LLC ho sebelisa carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite. Mohloli oa setšoantšo: Seeman Composites LLC (ka ho le letšehali) le Sesole sa US (ka ho le letona).
Ka 2016, Custom Technologies LLC (Millersville, MD, US) e ile ea fumana thuso ea Mokhahlelo oa 1 oa US Army-Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Mokhahlelo oa 1 ho hlahisa mokhoa oa ho lokisa o ka etsoang ka katleho setšeng ke masole. Ho itšetlehile ka mokhoa ona, karolo ea bobeli ea thuso ea SBIR e ile ea fuoa 2018 ho bonts'a lisebelisoa tse ncha le lisebelisoa tse tsamaisoang ke betri, esita le haeba patch e etsoa ke moithuti ntle le koetliso ea pele, 90% kapa ho feta ea mohaho o ka tsosolosoa Raw. matla. Ho khonahala ha theknoloji ho khethoa ka ho etsa letoto la tlhahlobo, khetho ea thepa, tlhahiso ea mohlala le mesebetsi ea tlhahlobo ea mochini, hammoho le litokiso tse nyane le tse felletseng.
Mofuputsi ea ka sehloohong mekhahlelong e 'meli ea SBIR ke Michael Bergen, mothehi le mopresidente oa Custom Technologies LLC. Bergen o ile a tlohela mosebetsi ho tloha Carderock ea Setsi sa Ntoa ea Naval Surface Warfare (NSWC) 'me a sebetsa Lefapheng la Mehaho le Thepa ka lilemo tse 27, moo a ileng a laola nts'etsopele le tšebeliso ea theknoloji e kopanetsoeng likepeng tsa Sesole sa Metsing sa US. Dr. Roger Crane o ile a ikopanya le Custom Technologies ka 2015 ka mor'a hore a tlohele mosebetsi ho tloha Navy ea US Navy ka 2011 'me o sebelitse lilemo tse 32. Tsebo ea hae ea lisebelisoa tse kopaneng e kenyelletsa lingoliloeng tsa tekheniki le litokelo tsa molao, tse buang ka lihlooho tse kang lisebelisoa tse ncha tse kopaneng, tlhahiso ea mohlala, mekhoa ea khokahano, lisebelisoa tse ngata tse kopaneng, tlhahlobo ea bophelo bo botle le ntlafatso ea thepa e kopaneng.
Litsebi tsena tse peli li thehile mokhoa o ikhethileng o sebelisang lisebelisoa tse kopaneng ho lokisa mapetsong a aluminium superstructure ea sehlopha sa Ticonderoga CG-47 guided missile cruiser 5456. ho nkela sebaka sa sethala sa lidolara tse limilione tse peli ho isa ho tse 4," Bergen o boletse. "Kahoo re ile ra paka hore re tseba ho lokisa ka ntle ho laboratori le sebakeng sa sebele sa litšebeletso. Empa phephetso ke hore mekhoa ea hona joale ea thepa ea sesole ha e atlehe haholo. Khetho ke bonded duplex lokisa [ha e le hantle libakeng tse senyehileng Khomarela boto holimo] kapa tlosa letlotlo ho tsoa tšebeletsong bakeng sa tokiso ea boemo ba polokelo (D-level). Hobane ho hlokahala tokiso ea boemo ba D, matlotlo a mangata a behelloa ka thoko. ”
A tsoela-pele hore se hlokahalang ke mokhoa o ka etsoang ke masole a se nang phihlelo ea thepa e kopantsoeng, a sebelisa lisebelisoa feela le libuka tsa tlhokomelo. Sepheo sa rona ke ho etsa hore mokhoa ona o be bonolo: bala bukana, hlahloba tšenyo le ho lokisa. Ha re batle ho kopanya li-resin tsa mokelikeli, kaha sena se hloka tekanyo e nepahetseng ho netefatsa pheko e felletseng. Re boetse re hloka tsamaiso e se nang litšila tse kotsi ka mor'a hore litokiso li phethoe. 'Me e tlameha ho kenngoa e le khiti e ka sebelisoang ke marang-rang a teng. ”
Tharollo e 'ngoe eo Custom Technologies e e bonts'itseng ka katleho ke khiti e nkehang e sebelisang sekhomaretsi se thata sa epoxy ho etsa sekhomaretsi sa composite ho latela boholo ba tšenyo (ho fihla ho lisekoere-inch tse 12). Pontšo e ile ea phethoa holim'a thepa e kopantsoeng e emelang mokato oa AMCB oa 3-inch. Thepa e kopantsoeng e na le mokokotlo oa lehong la balsa oa 3-inch (15 pounds per cubic foot density) le likarolo tse peli tsa Vectorply (Phoenix, Arizona, US) C -LT 1100 carbon fiber 0 °/90 ° biaxial stitched lesela, lesela le le leng la C-TLX 1900 carbon fiber 0 °/+45°/-45° shafts tse tharo le likarolo tse peli tsa C-LT 1100, kakaretso ea mekhahlelo e mehlano. "Re ile ra etsa qeto ea hore kit e tla sebelisa li-patches tse entsoeng esale pele ka laminate ea quasi-isotropic e tšoanang le li-multi-axis e le hore tataiso ea lesela e se ke ea e-ba taba," Crane o itse.
Taba e latelang ke matrix a resin a sebelisetsoang ho lokisa laminate. E le ho qoba ho kopanya resin ea metsi, patch e tla sebelisa prepreg. "Leha ho le joalo, mathata ana ke polokelo," Bergen o hlalositse. Ho hlahisa tharollo ea patch e bolokehang, Custom Technologies e sebelisane 'moho le Sunrez Corp. (El Cajon, California, USA) ho hlahisa khalase ea fiber / vinyl ester prepreg e ka sebelisang leseli la ultraviolet (UV) ka metsotso e tšeletseng Ho phekola khanya. E ile ea boela ea sebelisana le Gougeon Brothers (Bay City, Michigan, USA), e ileng ea fana ka tlhahiso ea hore ho sebelisoe filimi e ncha ea epoxy e feto-fetohang.
Liphuputso tsa pele li bontšitse hore epoxy resin ke resin e loketseng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa carbon fiber prepregs-UV-curable vinyl ester le translucent glass fiber e sebetsa hantle, empa ha e phekole tlas'a khanya e thibelang khabone fiber. E ipapisitse le filimi e ncha ea Gougeon Brothers, "epoxy prepreg" ea ho qetela e phekoloa ka hora e le 'ngoe ho 210 ° F / 99 ° C 'me e na le nako e telele ea bophelo mochesong oa kamore-ha e hloke ho boloka mocheso o tlaase. Bergen o boletse hore haeba mocheso o phahameng oa phetoho ea khalase (Tg) o hlokahala, resin le eona e tla phekoloa ka mocheso o phahameng, joalo ka 350 ° F / 177 ° C. Li-prepreg ka bobeli li fanoa ka thepa ea ho lokisa e nkehang habonolo e le qubu ea li-patches tsa prepreg tse tiisitsoeng ka enfelopo ea filimi ea polasetiki.
Kaha thepa ea ho lokisa e ka bolokoa nako e telele, ho hlokahala Custom Technologies ho etsa boithuto ba bophelo ba shelofo. "Re ile ra reka lintho tse 'nè tse thata tsa polasetiki - mofuta o tloaelehileng oa sesole o sebelisoang thepa ea lipalangoang - 'me ra kenya lisampole tsa sekhomaretsi sa epoxy le vinyl ester prepreg sebakeng se seng le se seng," Bergen o itse. Ka mor'a moo, mabokose a ile a behoa libakeng tse 'nè tse fapaneng bakeng sa ho hlahlojoa: marulelo a fektheri ea Gougeon Brothers e Michigan, marulelo a boema-fofane ba Maryland, setsi sa ka ntle sa Yucca Valley (lehoatateng la California), le laboratori ea ka ntle e hlahlobang kutu e karolong e ka boroa ea Florida. Linyeoe tsohle li na le batho ba remang data, Bergen o re, "Re nka disampole tsa data le lisebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse tharo. Thempereichara e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e tlalehiloeng ka har'a mabokose a Florida le California ke 140 ° F, e leng molemo bakeng sa li-resin tse ngata tsa tsosoloso. Ke phephetso ea sebele.” Ho feta moo, Gougeon Brothers e ile ea leka ka hare ho resin e hloekileng ea epoxy e sa tsoa etsoa. "Mehlala e behiloeng ka ontong ka 120 ° F ka likhoeli tse 'maloa e qala ho polymerize," Bergen o itse. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa lisampole tse tsamaellanang tse bolokiloeng ho 110 ° F, k'hemistri ea resin e ntlafetse feela ka chelete e nyane."
Tokiso e netefalitsoe ka boto ea liteko le mohlala ona oa sekala oa AMCB, o sebelisitseng laminate le lisebelisoa tsa mantlha joalo ka borokho ba pele bo hahiloeng ke Seemann Composites. Mohloli oa setšoantšo: Custom Technologies LLC
E le ho bonts'a mokhoa oa ho lokisa, laminate ea moemeli e tlameha ho etsoa, e senyehe le ho lokisoa. "Mokhahlelong oa pele oa morero, qalong re ne re sebelisa lipalo tse nyane tsa 4 x 48-inch le liteko tsa ho khumama tse nang le lintlha tse 'nè ho lekola ho khonahala ha ts'ebetso ea rona ea ho lokisa," Klein o itse. "Eaba, re fetela ho liphanele tsa 12 x 48 inch karolong ea bobeli ea morero, ra sebelisa meroalo ho hlahisa boemo ba khatello ea kelello ea biaxial ho baka ho hlōleha, ebe re hlahloba ts'ebetso ea tokiso. Karolong ea bobeli, re boetse re phethetse mohlala oa AMCB oo re o hahileng Maintenance.
Bergen o re sehlopha sa liteko se sebelisetsoang ho paka hore ts'ebetso ea tokiso e entsoe ho sebelisoa leloko le tšoanang la laminate le lisebelisoa tsa mantlha joalo ka AMCB e entsoeng ke Seemann Composites, "empa re fokolitse botenya ba phanele ho tloha ho 0.375 inches ho isa ho 0.175 inches, ho ipapisitse le theorem ea axis e tšoanang. . Taba ke ena. Mokhoa ona, hammoho le lintlha tse eketsehileng tsa khopolo ea beam le theory ea khale ea laminate [CLT], e ne e sebelisetsoa ho hokahanya nako ea inertia le ho tiea ho sebetsang ha AMCB e feletseng e nang le sehlahisoa sa demo sa boholo bo nyane se bonolo ho sebetsana le ho feta. e hlokang chelete e ngata. Joale, rona The finite element analysis [FEA] model e entsoeng ke XCraft Inc. (Boston, Massachusetts, USA) e ile ea sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa moralo oa tokiso ea meralo.” Lesela la carbon fiber le sebelisetsoang liphanele tsa teko le mohlala oa AMCB li ile tsa rekoa ho Vectorply, 'me motheo oa balsa o entsoe ke Core Composites (Bristol, RI, US) e fanoeng.
Mohato oa 1. Phanele ena ea teko e bonts'a bophara ba lesoba la lisenthimithara tse 3 ho etsisa tšenyo e tšoailoeng bohareng le ho lokisa selikalikoe. Mohloli oa linepe bakeng sa mehato eohle: Custom Technologies LLC.
Mohato oa 2. Sebelisa grinder ea letsoho e tsamaisoang ke betri ho tlosa thepa e senyehileng 'me u kenye patch ea ho lokisa ka 12: 1 taper.
"Re batla ho etsisa ts'enyehelo e phahameng holim'a boto ea liteko ho feta e ka bonoang mokatong oa borokho tšimong," Bergen o hlalositse. "Kahoo mokhoa oa rona ke ho sebelisa sakha ea lesoba ho etsa lesoba la bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 3. Joale, re ntša polaka ea lintho tse senyehileng ebe re sebelisa grinder ea moea e tšoaroang ka letsoho ho lokisa sekhafo sa 12:1.”
Crane e hlalositse hore bakeng sa tokiso ea carbon fiber / epoxy, hang ha thepa ea "phanele" e "senyehileng" e tlosoa 'me ho sebelisoa sekhafo se loketseng, prepreg e tla khaoloa ka bophara le bolelele ho lumellana le taper ea sebaka se senyehileng. "Bakeng sa phanele ea rona ea liteko, sena se hloka mekhahlelo e mene ea prepreg ho boloka thepa ea tokiso e lumellana le bokaholimo ba phanele ea khabone e sa senyehang. Ka mor'a moo, likarolo tse tharo tse koahelang tsa carbon / epoxy prepreg li tsepamisitsoe ho sena Karolong e lokisitsoeng. Lera le leng le le leng le latellanang le atolosa lisenthimithara tse 1 ka mahlakoreng 'ohle a lera le ka tlaase, e leng se fanang ka phetiso ea butle-butle ho tloha "maeleng a matle" ho ea sebakeng se lokisitsoeng." Nako eohle ea ho lokisa sebaka sena - ho kenyelletsa le ho lokisa sebaka, Ho khaola le ho beha thepa ea tsosoloso le ho sebelisa mokhoa oa ho phekola - hoo e ka bang lihora tse 2,5.
Bakeng sa carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg, sebaka sa tokiso se pakiloe 'me se phekoloa ka 210°F/99°C ka hora e le 'ngoe ho sebelisoa sebono sa mocheso se tsamaisoang ke betri.
Le hoja tokiso ea carbon / epoxy e le bonolo ebile e potlakile, sehlopha se ile sa hlokomela tlhokahalo ea tharollo e bonolo haholoanyane ea ho tsosolosa tshebetso. Sena se ile sa lebisa tlhokomelong ea li-prepreg tsa ultraviolet (UV). "Thahasello ea Sunrez vinyl ester resin e ipapisitse le boiphihlelo ba nakong e fetileng ba likepe le mothehi oa k'hamphani Mark Livesay," Bergen o hlalositse. "Re ile ra fa Sunrez pele ka lesela la khalase ea quasi-isotropic, re sebelisa vinyl ester prepreg ea bona, 'me ra lekola lekhalo la pholiso tlas'a maemo a fapaneng. Ho feta moo, hobane rea tseba hore vinyl ester resin ha e tšoane le epoxy resin E fanang ka ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea sekhomaretsi sa bobeli, kahoo ho hlokahala boiteko bo eketsehileng ho lekola lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa sekhomaretsi le ho fumana hore na ke efe e loketseng kopo.
Bothata bo bong ke hore likhoele tsa khalase ha li khone ho fana ka thepa e tšoanang ea mochini joalo ka likhoele tsa carbon. "Ha ho bapisoa le carbon / epoxy patch, bothata bona bo rarolloa ka ho sebelisa lesela le eketsehileng la khalase / vinyl ester," Crane o itse. "Lebaka leo ka lona ho hlokahalang lesela le le leng feela ke hore thepa ea khalase ke lesela le boima haholo." Sena se hlahisa patch e loketseng e ka sebelisoang le ho kopanngoa nakong ea metsotso e tšeletseng esita le mocheso o batang haholo / o batang haholo. Ho phekola ntle le ho fana ka mocheso. Crane o bontšitse hore mosebetsi ona oa tokiso o ka phethoa nakong ea hora.
Litsamaiso ka bobeli tsa patch li bonts'itsoe le ho lekoa. Bakeng sa tokiso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, sebaka se tla senyeha se tšoailoe (mohato oa 1), se entsoe ka sesepa sa lesoba, ebe se tlosoa ho sebelisoa grinder ea letsoho e tsamaisoang ke betri (mohato oa 2). Ebe u khaola sebaka se lokisitsoeng ka 12: 1 taper. Hloekisa bokaholimo ba sekhafo ka pente ea joala (mohato oa 3). Ka mor'a moo, khaola patch ea ho lokisa ka boholo bo itseng, e behe sebakeng se hloekisitsoeng (mohato oa 4) 'me u se kopanye ka rolara ho tlosa li-bubble tsa moea. Bakeng sa khalase ea fiber / UV-curing vinyl ester prepreg, joale beha lesela la tokollo sebakeng se lokisitsoeng 'me u folise patch ka lebone la UV le se nang mohala ka metsotso e tšeletseng (mohato oa 5). Bakeng sa carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg, sebelisa sekontiri se entsoeng esale pele, se nang le konopo e le 'ngoe, se tsamaisoang ke betri ho hloekisa sephutheloana le ho phekola sebaka se lokisitsoeng ka 210°F/99°C ka hora e le' ngoe.
Mohato oa 5. Ka mor'a ho beha lesela la peeling sebakeng se lokisitsoeng, sebelisa lebone la UV le se nang mohala ho phekola patch bakeng sa metsotso ea 6.
"Ka mor'a moo re ile ra etsa liteko ho hlahloba ho khomarela ha patch le bokhoni ba eona ba ho tsosolosa matla a ho jara mohaho," Bergen o itse. "Mokhahlelong oa pele, re hloka ho paka bonolo ba kopo le bokhoni ba ho fumana bonyane 75% ea matla. Sena se etsoa ka ho koba lintlha tse 'nè holim'a 4 x 48 inch carbon fiber / epoxy resin le balsa core beam ka mor'a ho lokisa tšenyo e entsoeng. Ee. Karolo ea bobeli ea morero e sebelisitse phanele ea 12 x 48 inch, 'me e tlameha ho bonts'a litlhoko tse fetang 90% tsa matla tlas'a meroalo e thata ea mathata. Re ile ra finyella litlhoko tsena kaofela, ebe re nka litšoantšo tsa mekhoa ea ho lokisa ka mokhoa oa AMCB. Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa theknoloji le lisebelisoa tsa infield ho fana ka litšupiso tse bonoang. ”
Karolo ea bohlokoa ea morero ke ho paka hore li-novices li ka phethela tokiso habonolo. Ka lebaka lena, Bergen o bile le mohopolo: "Ke tšepisitse ho bonts'a mabitso a rona a mabeli a Sesole: Dr. Bernard Sia le Ashley Genna. Tlhahlobong ea ho qetela ea karolo ea pele ea morero, ha kea ka ka kopa ho se lokisoe. Ashley ea nang le phihlelo o ile a lokisa. A sebelisa khiti le litaelo tseo re faneng ka tsona, o ile a sebelisa sekhechana seo ’me a qeta ho lokisa ntle le mathata.”
Setšoantšo sa 2 Mochini oa bonding o sebelisoang ke betri o entsoeng esale pele, o tsamaisoang ke betri o ka phekola patch ea ho lokisa carbon fiber / epoxy ka ho tobetsa konopo, ntle le tlhokahalo ea tsebo ea ho lokisa kapa ho phekola lenaneo la potoloho. Mohloli oa setšoantšo: Custom Technologies, LLC
Khatelo-pele e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke mokhoa oa ho phekola o tsamaisoang ke betri (Setšoantšo sa 2). "Ka tlhokomelo ea infield, u na le matla a betri feela," Bergen a bontša. "Lisebelisoa tsohle tse ka har'a sesebelisoa sa ho lokisa tseo re li entseng ha li na mohala." Sena se kenyelletsa maqhama a futhumatsang a matla a betri a ntlafalitsoeng ka kopanelo ke Custom Technologies le morekisi oa mochini o futhumatsang oa WichiTech Industries Inc. (Randallstown, Maryland, USA). "Bonder ena ea motlakase e tsamaisoang ke betri e hlophisitsoe esale pele hore e phethele pheko, kahoo ba qalang ha ba hloke ho hlophisa potoloho ea pheko," Crane o itse. "Ba hloka feela ho tobetsa konopo ho phethela tsela e nepahetseng le ho inela." Libetri tse ntseng li sebelisoa li ka tšoarella selemo pele li hloka ho nchafatsoa.
Ka ho phethoa ha karolo ea bobeli ea morero, Custom Technologies e ntse e lokisa litlhahiso tsa ntlafatso ea morao-rao le ho bokella mangolo a thahasello le tšehetso. "Sepheo sa rona ke ho holisa theknoloji ena ho TRL 8 le ho e tlisa tšimong," ho boletse Bergen. "Re boetse re bona monyetla oa likopo tseo e seng tsa sesole."
E hlalosa bonono ba khale bo entseng hore indasteri e matlafatsoe pele, 'me e na le kutloisiso e tebileng ea mahlale a macha le nts'etsopele ea nako e tlang.
E tla haufinyane 'me e fofa ka lekhetlo la pele, 787 e itšetlehile ka boqapi ba lisebelisoa tse kopaneng le lits'ebetso ho fihlela sepheo sa eona.
Nako ea poso: Sep-02-2021